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Doubleday, Abner, major-general, was born in Ballston,
N.Y., June 26, 1819. He was graduated at West Point in 1842
and served in the Mexican war in the 1st artillery, being
present at Monterey, and at Buena Vista, where he defended the
Rinconoda pass. He was promoted captain in 1855, served in
the Seminole war, 1856-58, and was one of the garrison at Fort
Moultrie in 1860, withdrawing with his men, by order of Maj.
Anderson, to Fort Sumter, Dec. 26, 1860. He aimed the first
gun fired in defense of that fort, April 12, 1861. He was
promoted major, in the 7th infantry, May 14, 1861, and served
with Gen. Patterson in the valley and in the defense of the
national capital. Promoted brigadier-general of volunteers,
Feb. 3, 1862, he commanded the defense of Washington, led a
brigade in the Northern Virginia campaign from May to Sept.,
1862, and at the second battle of Bull Run he succeeded to the
command of Hatch's division, while at Antietam his division,
which led the extreme right, opened the battle and captured
six battle flags. Gen. Doubleday was promoted major-general
of volunteers, Nov. 21, 1862, fought at Fredericksburg and
Chancellorsville, and, when Reynolds was made commander of a
wing of the army, succeeded to command of the 1st army corps.
He supported Buford's cavalry at Gettysburg, commanded the
field when Reynolds fell until the arrival of Gen. Howard, and
on the third day his division aided in turning back Pickett's
charge and putting the Confederate army to flight. He was
after that, until 1865, on court martial duty and on various
commissions, was brevetted colonel and brigadier-general in
the regular army, March 11, and major-general U. S. A. March
13, 1865, for services during the war. He was commander of
Galveston, Tex. at the close of 1866, and was then
commissioner of the Freedmen's bureau in Texas until mustered
out of the volunteer service, Aug.1, 1867. He was promoted
colonel U. S. A. and assigned to the 35th infantry, Sept. 15,
1867, and was afterwards stationed on various duties in New
York city, San Francisco, and Texas. Gen. Doubleday was
retired Dec. 11, 1873. He died in Mendham, N. J., Jan. 27,
1893.
Source: The Union Army, vol. 8